TGFB1 and central nervous system cancer: Qian et al. [69] have demonstrated that miR-1246 contained within “hypoxic” glioma-derived exosomes (H-GDEs) is capable of inducing an immunosuppressive phenotype in macrophages (increased CD163, IL-10, IL1RA, TGFβ1 and CCL2 [140] expression, and significantly decreased TNF-α expression) [69].