IL1B and colitis: In a DSS-induced colitis mouse model, the dietary pretreatment of AST (0.02–0.04% mixed in a rodent chow diet; seven days) prior to the DSS administration significantly mitigated DSS-induced body weight loss and suppressed the mucosal gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-36 [144].