A subsequent longitudinal study on Gambian children showed that high exposure to aflatoxins from the perinatal period to the age of one year, as evidenced by high levels of AF-Alb adducts in the maternal, umbilical cord, and children blood, reduced significantly the height and weight gains in children from 6 months to one year of age [105]. The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is atrial fibrillation.