TARDBP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: In another study, the depletion of TDP-43 (an R-loop-binding protein involved in RNA processing and with structural resemblance to heterogeneous ribonucleoproteins) in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) was linked to increased numbers of R-loops and DNA damage, which has been reported as a potential guide for developing ALS therapies [127].