TLR3 and cancer: Of interest, genes supporting the inflammation and fibrogenesis in IPF, such as TGF-β1, interleukin-1 receptor alpha (IL1RN), interleukin 8 (IL-8), Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), telomerases, tumor protein 53 (TP53), are also associated with cancer and genome-wide methylation studies, as well as gene expression studies, showed several parallelisms between the pathogenetic mechanisms that drive IPF and lung cancers.