Most PJP patients were given corticosteroids and/or immunosuppressants before PJP: corticosteroids were given in 310 patients/82% (prednisone daily dosage > 1 mg/kg/d 266 patients/70.4%, methylprednisolone 500–1000 mg/d in 58 patients/15.3%); immunosuppressants were given in 233 patients/61.6% (including cyclophosphamide, tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, etc.), and biological agents were given in 23/6.1% (including anti-tumor necrosis factor, rituximab, etc.). Here, TNF is linked to pneumocystosis.