VEGFA and neoplasm: Moreover, additional supportive evidence for BPC 157 (i.e., no toxic effect, limit test negative, lethal dose LD1 not achieved, no side-effects in trials (for review, see [1,3,4,5,6,8,9,32,33,34,35,36])) shows that it inhibits the growth of several tumor cell lines and counteracts the tumor-promoting effect of VEGF [142].