Membranous nephropathy (MN) is the leading cause of nephrotic syndrome in the adult non-diabetic population and the identification of PLA2R antigen involvement in primary MN has led to a paradigm shift in terms of potential non-invasive diagnosis and an efficient prognostic monitoring of disease response through the anti-PLA2R antibodies [58]. The gene discussed is PLA2R1; the disease is membranous glomerulonephritis.