HMGB1 and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: As previously mentioned, other molecules belonging to the ECM domain have been described not only as elevated in multiple kidney disease states with glomerular involvement (HMGB1 in LN and in ANCA-associated vasculitis, TGFβ-1 in FSGS and in DN), but as potentially upregulated before the onset of proteinuria and overt kidney functional decline as evaluated by eGFR [43].