In oncology, the PD-1/PD-L1 axis activation induced by PD-L1-expressing tumor cells interacting with PD-1-expressing tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is one of the most studied immune evasion strategies played by cancer, paving the way for the development of immunotherapeutic approaches based on the blockade of these molecules [28]. The gene discussed is RPL17; the disease is neoplasm.