ST3GAL3 and Patent ductus arteriosus: Similarly, the overexpression of ST3GAL3 and ST3GAL4 in PDA cell lines, which catalyze the final steps of sialyl-Lewis antigens biosynthesis, was associated with an increased adhesion and metastatic capacity of PDA cells in vitro and a higher metastasis formation when injected into athymic nude mice [13,14].