For instance, tumor-activated SCs up-regulated the expression of the STAT3, SOCS3, BCL6, ELF3, IGF2, IL32, RUNX1, and NEUROD2 genes and inhibited the expression of the CHAC2 and BOLA2B genes in SCLC cells in vitro. The gene discussed is ELF3; the disease is small cell lung carcinoma.