TNF and lip and oral cavity carcinoma: With regards to cytokine-mediated anti-inflammatory effects in cancer, resveratrol was found to inhibit metastasis and angiogenesis by reducing inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), IL-6, and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), in vitro and in vivo in oral cancer [50], and decreasing levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines in rat colon carcinogenesis [51].