TNF and atrial fibrillation: Furthermore, the variable importance in projection (VIP) score indicated that AST, GGT, cholesterol, triglycerides, ALP, ALT, MDA, TNF-α, AF residue, IL-6, IL-1β, and GSH were the top influencing variables in our study, which were sensitive to different treatments and can discriminate AF treatment from others (Figure 4B).