SP1 and gallbladder carcinoma: Hesperidin was reported to induce apoptosis in cancer cell line by stimulating ROS-mediated apoptosis along with cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase in human gall bladder carcinoma (Pandey et al. 2019), by inhibiting Sp1 and its regulatory protein in MSTO-211H cells (Lee et al. 2012), through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway by decreasing the expression of cyclin D1 and increasing the expression of p21 and p53 (Xia et al. 2018), and through CASP3 activation in human colon cancer cells (Park et al. 2008).