With respect to HD, we found that in RBCs from early -and long-standing RA patients, ER-α and p-ERK1/2 are significantly more expressed (p < 0.05) both at T0 and F.U. Moreover, with respect to RBCs from HD, survivin expression is significantly higher (p < 0.05) only in RBCs from early standing patients both at T0 and F.U. (Figure 3). The gene discussed is BIRC5; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.