Moreover, those important immune-related pathway, such as Intestinal immune network for IgA production, Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, Antigen processing and presentation, Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation (Figure 6E), and cancer-related signaling pathways, such as MYC targets, G2 M checkpoint, activated E2F targets and PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling (Figure 6F and Extended Data Figure S3), are closely related to the expression level of SMS in HCC when tested using GSEA, GSVA and ssGSEA. Here, MYC is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.