NPC1 and infection: In a laboratory study of cell lines of two species of bats (specifically ZFBK13-76E and FBKT1 cell lines) and humans (HEK293T cell line), Takadate et al. [26] showed that specific amino acid residues in the loop-1 and loop-2 regions of NPC1 confer resistance to African filoviruses (Marburgvirus and Ebolavirus) by reducing cellular binding affinity of virus glycoproteins and inhibiting infection.