In the current study, the poorer performance of the Sco‐ treated rats in MWM and PA tests was accompanied by a higher concentration of MDA as an index of lipid peroxidation, lower level of thiol, and lower activities of SOD and CAT which may imply that oxidative damage in the hippocampus and cortex has an important role learning and memory impairment. Here, SOD1 is linked to memory impairment.