In agreement with previously published data [16–18], the findings of the present work provide evidence that the presence of Psa in sputum of bronchiectasis patients may drive airway neutrophilic inflammation possibly through the formation of the potent neutrophil chemotactic factor LTB4 [19], leading to a significant influx and activation of neutrophils with theassociated release of active neutrophil elastase. This evidence concerns the gene ELANE and bronchiectasis.