We focused on the capacity of neurons to set up an efficient IFNB response in link with microglia activation and the pathological phosphorylation of Tau protein (pTau) that alongside with the presence of diseased associated microglia (DAM) [26, 27], is a hallmark of tauopathies, a wide range of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzhemer’s disease (AD) associated with cognitive disorders [28–30]. This evidence concerns the gene MAPT and neurodegenerative disease.