IFNG and cancer: In vaccinated cancer patients, the cell-mediated immune response was characterized through enzyme-linked immune adsorbent spot (ELISpot) assays to quantify interferon-gamma (IFNγ)—producing SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells17–20,33 and high-resolution flow cytometry assays incorporating multiple cytokines and activation markers for RBD-S1-specific memory B cell profiling17.