PRL and Cognitive impairment: However, activation of PrL GABAergic neurons seemed that they did not further inhibit the local glutamatergic neurons to aggravate cognitive impairments, but alleviated POD probably through other long-range projections as in HIP and amygdala (Alkire et al., 2008; Sun et al., 2019; Guo et al., 2021; Shepherd and Yamawaki, 2021).