A new serological scoring tool, the APAC score, which includes parameters such as age, soluble platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (sPDGFRβ), AFP, and creatinine, significantly outperforms the GALAD score in identifying HCC in people with cirrhosis, and the diagnostic accuracy of the APAC score is independent of the cause of disease (alcohol, viral infections, and NAFLD); for patients with an HCC grade of BCLC 0/A, the APAC score has high sensitivity and specificity [92]. Here, AFP is linked to Cirrhosis.