Peiminine also decreases poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activity in hepatoma cells, and increases the expression of Bax, caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and cleaved PARP1, ultimately leading to apoptosis (Chao et al., 2019). This evidence concerns the gene PARP1 and hepatocellular carcinoma.