ADSL and fungal infectious disease: The humoral immunity in honeys bees involves synthesis of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from which abaecin, apidaecin, defensin and hymenoptaecin usually respond to bacterial, viral and fungal infection (Evans et al., 2006; Chaimanee et al., 2012; Flenniken and Andino, 2013; Doublet et al., 2017).