Since the lateral hypothalamic (LH) and the perifornical orexinergic (ORX) and melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) neurons are known to play opposing roles in the regulation of sleep and arousal, dysregulation of ORX and MCH neurons might contribute to the disturbance of sleep-wakefulness following epileptic seizures. The gene discussed is PMCH; the disease is Seizure.