CTLA4 and melanoma: In the multivariable Fine-Gray model, stage 4 melanoma treated with anti-PD-1 monotherapy was associated with more than 2-fold risk of developing all-cause AKI (estimated subdistribution hazards ratios [sHR], 2.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.32–3.76, P < 0.01), whereas stage 4 melanoma treated with anti-CTLA-4/PD-1 combination therapy was associated with more than 4-fold risk (sHR 4.37; 95% CI, 2.59–7.39, P < 0.01) compared to patients with stage 3 melanoma (Figure 2).