BMAL1 and metabolic disease: So, in vitro cultures of mouse mGLUTag L cells (37, 38) and mouse assays (38) revealed that palmitate is a key factor affecting L cells as well as eliminating GLP-1 secretion rhythms, even at non-obesogenic doses, interfering with CLOCK : BMAL1 transcriptional activity, increasing Bmal1 transcriptional repression; and resulting in metabolic disorders (39).