Gene expression profiling of tumors from mice showed a profound upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Ifng, Prf1, Gzmb, chemokines like Cxcl9, Cxcl10 and Cxcl11, and T cell markers such as Cd3e, Cd8a, Cd4, in SPATA2-deficient and CYLD-deficient tumor-bearing mice treated with anti-PD-1 compared to WT anti-PD-1-treated mice (Figure 5C). Here, SPATA2 is linked to neoplasm.