A total of 26 adult AML patients relapsing after HCT received the combination of VEN (maximum dose 400 mg/day), AZA at 75 mg/m2 days 1-5 every 28 days for 6-8 cycles and G-CSF stimulated DLI; no patients received cyclosporine to prevent GvHD. Here, CSF3 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.