Tang and colleagues (Tang et al., 2021) found that dysbiosis of the gut microflora could exacerbate endotoxin-induced acute lung injury by activating the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in the lung and antagonize LPS-induced acute lung injury by restoring the intestinal flora and improving the diversity of the intestinal flora through fecal transplantation. The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is injury.