Currently, vascular endothelial cell markers commonly used in tumor angiogenesis studies include CD144, CD31, CD105, CD146 and vWF, etc. [20, 21]. VEGF can stimulate and promote rapid endocytosis of VE cadherin (CD144), a key adhesion molecule of endothelial cells, thereby damaging endothelial barrier function [22]. Vascular endothelial cadherin (VE cadherin) has been reported to play a role in vascular permeability and remodeling. Here, PECAM1 is linked to neoplasm.