Moreover, we compared the transcriptomes of BBR-treated colitis samples and SASP-treated colitis samples and found that BBR up-regulated the expression of genes involved in ECM, Calcium ion transport, wound healing, stromal cells, Wnt, Akt, MAPK, and circadian genes and suppressed the expression of genes involved in cell cycle, DNA repair, IBD, immune response (Fig. S6E–J). This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and inflammatory bowel disease.