IRF1 and colitis: We found that compared to colitis samples, SASP suppressed the expression of genes regulating inflammation and chemotaxis (Ptgs2, IL1b, IL6, Ccl2, Ccl3, Cxcl1, Cxcl2, Cxcl3, Cxcl5, and Cxcl12), oxidative phosphorylation, IL17 signaling, and NF-kB signaling; and up-regulated genes regulating protein folding, RNA splicing, DNA replication and repair, amino acid metabolism, and some immune response genes (Irf1, H2-Q4, H2-T23, and Pamb8) (Fig. S6A–D).