WNT5A and colitis: In DSS-induced colitis models, the expression of Wnt molecules including Wnt2, 4, 6, 8b, 9b, 10a, 10b, and 11 were suppressed in stromal cells, which was restored by BBR treatment (Fig. 5G), while expression of Wnt5a and Wnt16 was not significantly affected by DSS or BBR and other Wnt molecules were not detected (Fig. 5G).