Exposure to microbial amyloids in the gastrointestinal tract can accelerate alpha-synuclein aggregation in the gut and brain, and lead to enhanced microgliosis and astrogliosis, suggesting that bacterial amyloid may function as a trigger to initiate brain inflammation and alpha-synuclein aggregation in synucleinopathies [11, 12]. Here, SNCA is linked to synucleinopathy.