SNCA and Parkinson disease: IPA toxicity analysis of SNCA predicted PD signaling (P 7.50 e−04), sumoylation (P 4.73 e−03), 14–3-3 (P 5.91 e−03), SNARE (P 6.19 e−03), mitochondrial dysfunction (P 7.74 e−03), Huntington’s disease (P 1.30 e−02), neuroinflammation (P 1.44 e−02), and synaptogenesis (P 1.46 e−02) as the canonical signaling pathways of α-synuclein toxicity (Figure 4A).