CCL2 and neoplasm: Senescent cells promote senescence or death of neighboring cells through direct cell-cell interactions or inflammatory SASP factors release, causing increased production of ROS and a sustained DNA damage response, thereby also limiting the proliferation of neighboring precancerous or cancerous cells.485 In addition, SASP factors containing immune surveillance enhancers such as CCL2, IL-15, CXCL1, etc. that drive macrophages, lymphocytes and NK cells to recruit to tumor sites, which activate immune surveillance.