This is supported by the findings that Il-10−/− and IL-10 receptor b null (Ilbrb−/−) mice develop spontaneous enterocolitis (Kuhn et al., 1993; Spencer et al., 1998), and that polymorphisms in IL-10R and IL-10 are associated with UC in early childhood (Engelhardt and Grimbacher, 2014). This evidence concerns the gene IL10 and enterocolitis.