SLC22A1 and congenital secretory chloride diarrhea 1: In accordance with previous studies, the abundance of Bifidobacterium and Escherichia-Shigella was downregulated while overabundant Streptococcus was confirmed in HBV-CLD patients.11,14,45,46 Regarding host-microbe-metabolite interplay involved in disease progression, both Turicibacter and Adlercreutzia were found to positively correlate with isobutyryl-L-carnitine, which has been identified to be a biomarker of hepatic organic cation transporter-1.47 The three taxa and metabolites were decreased dramatically in cirrhotic patients compared to HCs.