Surprisingly, BE from treatment naïve HBV-CLD patients attenuated the expansion of T helper 1 cells (Th1 (CD3+CD4+IFN-γ+) p = .002), and this effect was remarkably predominant in patients with liver cirrhosis compared to HCs (Th1 p = .002, Figure 6aand b). This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and cirrhosis of liver.