TLE5 and leukemia: In Erales’ study, they found that change in the rRNA modification level led to change in some ribosomal functions, and specifically affected the translation initiation of ribosomes at internal ribosome entry site (IRES).22 Similarly, Zhou et al25 found that AML1-ETO mutation induced leukemia dependent on amino terminal enhancer of split (AES) protein, which enhanced the expression of many C/D box snoRNAs by binding to DDX21.