While the full physiological effects of immune-related responses in CNS remain unclear (Paolicelli et al., 2011; Aguzzi et al., 2013; Parkhurst et al., 2013; Xanthos and Sandkühler, 2014; Chung et al., 2015; Tay et al., 2017; Yamamoto et al., 2019; Ozaki et al., 2021), it is known that TNF-α is released during the activation of microglia in the early phase of microbial and viral infections, and the high concentration of TNF-α persists for a while. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is viral infectious disease.