In contrast, high ADAR1 expression level has also been correlated with high tumor T-cell infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in breast cancer, and an increased amino acid substitution in the recognized antigens (a consequence of cytosine-to-uracil or adenosine-to -inosine editing at the RNA level) (6), demonstrating for the first time a role for RNA editing enzymes in the generation of tumor-specific neoantigens. This evidence concerns the gene ADAR and neoplasm.