IFNG and systemic sclerosis: George et al. (2014) found elevated levels of interferon-alpha and interferon-gamma in SSc-PH patients compared to SSc patients and demonstrated that type I interferon mediates PH through IFNAR1. DNA damage, genomic instability, and dysregulation of the DNA damage response pathway play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of PH (Sharma and Aldred, 2020).