NLRP3 activation is influenced by a variety of cellular proteins or factors, and multiple studies have shown that TXNIP is a significant mediator of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and a target for a variety of diseases, including diabetic nephropathy [40], intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury [41], and sepsis-induced acute kidney injury [42]. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and diabetic kidney disease.