CD40LG and infection: We evaluated the ability of T cells elicited by Beta and Gamma infections to recognize WA1 S peptides (Supplementary Dataset 1) by measuring upregulation of CD69 and CD154 on CD4 T cells, and production of IFN-γ, TNF, or IL-2 by CD8 T cells (Fig. 1D and Supplementary Fig. 2).