In the present study, serum AST and ALT levels and the extent of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in TSOD and db/db mice basically reflected sex differences in human NAFLD; therefore, these mice models are thought to be more appropriate than p62/Sqstm1 and Nrf2 double-knockout mice for sex difference studies. Here, SQSTM1 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.