VEGFA and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: These contradictory findings, are also replicated in humans, with some studies finding either no alterations [16–20] or increases [19,21] in VEGFA levels in the CSF, serum or plasma of ALS patients, while others report decreased VEGFA plasma [22] and CSF levels [18], or even an increase of VEGFA levels in both CSF and serum of ALS patients [23].