The TAN-1 cluster expresses high levels of CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL8, ICAM1, and CD44, which regulate the activation, recruitment, and cell adhesion of neutrophils, and the formation of NETs; the TAN-2 cluster, which highly expresses MHC II-associated genes such as HLA-DRA, CD74, and HLA-DPB1, and therefore may have immunogenic antigen presenting functions and exhibit anti-tumor immunity; and the TAN-3 cluster, which exhibits pro-tumor characteristics and high expression of the lipid metabolism-associated genes PLIN2 and PLPP3, which promote tumor proliferation. Here, HLA-DRA is linked to neoplasm.