CD4 and type 1 diabetes mellitus: Lincez et al. previously demonstrated that reduced MDA5 expression in NOD.MDA5+/– mice delays spontaneous and CVB type 4–accelerated (CVB4-accelerated) T1D partly due to enhanced regulatory T cells (Tregs) and reduced effector CD4+ T cells in the pancreatic lymph nodes (PLNs), which correlated with reduced pancreatic Ifna mRNA (13).