HMOX1 and neoplasm: As previously mentioned, MMP9 is a key regulator of the extracellular matrix and JUN plays a role in the transcriptional response to extracellular signaling; SPP1 is an integrin-binding glycophosphoprotein and HMOX1 overexpressed in cells such as macrophages supporting the immediate surroundings of the tumor [48], and the antioxidant role of HMOX1 in malignancies is well known [49].