Given the effects of AXIN1 and CTSB in tumorigenesis and lack of published study on the effects of their polymorphisms on thyroid cancer; therefore, for the first time, this study was conducted to investigate the association between AXIN1 rs12921862 C/A and rs1805105 G/A and CTSB rs12898 G/A polymorphisms and the risk of PTC in Iranian population. This evidence concerns the gene AXIN1 and thyroid gland carcinoma.